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The Vilayet of Kosovo (;〔(''Salname-yi Vilâyet-i Kosova'' ) ("Yearbook of the Vilayet of Kosovo"), Kosova vilâyet matbaası, Kosova (), 1318 (). in the website of Hathi Trust Digital Libray.〕 (トルコ語:Kosova Vilayeti); (アルバニア語:Vilajeti i Kosovës); Macedonian: Косовски вилает, ''Kosovski vilaet''; Serbian: Косовски вилајет, ''Kosovski vilajet'') was a first-level administrative division (vilayet) of the Ottoman Empire in the Balkan Peninsula which included the current territory of Kosovo and the western part of the Republic of Macedonia. The areas today comprising Sandžak (Raška) region of Serbia and Montenegro, although de jure under Ottoman control, were in fact under Austro- Hungarian occupation from 1878 until 1909, as provided under Article 25 of the Treaty of Berlin.〔http://www.mtholyoke.edu/acad/intrel/boshtml/bos128.htm Anderson, Frank Maloy and Amos Shartle Hershey, The Austrian occupation of Novibazar, Handbook for diplomatic history of Europe, Asia and Africa〕 Uskub (Skopje) functioned as the capital of the province and the mid way point between Constantinople and its European provinces. Uskub's population of 32,000 made it the largest city in the province, followed by Prizren, also numbering at 30,000. The ''Vilayet'' stood as a microcosm of Ottoman society; incorporated within its boundaries were diverse groups of peoples and religions: Albanians, Serbs, Bosniaks; Muslims and Christians, both Orthodox and Catholic. The province was renowned for its craftsmen and important cities such as İpek (today's Peć, Albanian: ''Peja''), where distinct Ottoman architecture and public baths were erected, some of which can still be seen today. The birthplace of the Albanian national identity was first articulated in Prizren, by the League of Prizren members in 1878. As a result, firstly of the Treaty of San Stefano in 1878, then of the modified Treaty of Berlin the same year which split the Ottoman Empire, Kosovo became the first line of defense for the Ottoman Empire, with large garrisons of Ottoman troops being stationed in the province. Before the First Balkan War in 1912, the province's shape and location denied Serbia and Montenegro a common land border. After the war, the major part of the vilayet was divided between Montenegro and Serbia. These borders were all ratified at the Treaty of London in 1913.〔http://www.zum.de/psm/div/tuerkei/mowat120.php〕 The Ottoman Empire finally recognised the new borders following a peace deal with the Kingdom of Serbia on March 14, 1914. ==Administrative divisions== Sanjaks of the Vilayet:〔(Kosova Vilayeti | Tarih ve Medeniyet )〕 * Sanjak of Üsküp (Skopje, Štip, Kratovo, Pehčevo, Radoviš, Kumanovo, Kriva Palanka, Kaçanik) * Sanjak of Priştine (Pristina, Vučitrn, Mitrovica, Gnjilane, Preševo) * Sanjak of Seniçe (Novi Pazar, Sjenica, Bijelo Polje, Nova Varoš, Kolašin) * Sanjak of İpek (Peć, Gjakova, Berane, Gusinje) * Sanjak of Taslica (Pljevlja, Prijepolje) * Sanjak of Prizren (Prizren, Tetovo, Gostivar) Kosovo encompassed the Sandžak region cutting into present-day Central Serbia and Montenegro along with the Kukës municipality and surrounding region in present-day northern Albania. Between 1881 and 1912 (its final chapter), it was internally expanded to include other regions of present-day Republic of Macedonia, including larger urban settlements such as Štip (''İştip''), Kumanovo (''Kumanova'') and Kratovo (''Kratova'') (''see map''). 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Kosovo Vilayet」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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